Based on six years data from high energy particle detectors developed by Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS, onboard the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES), the scientists analyze comprehensively the evolution characteristics of the geomagnetic field and high-energy protons in the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) from 2019 to 2024. The results show that both the magnetic field minimum and the proton flux center of the SAA drift northwestward, while the overall area of the SAA exhibits a shrinking trend. In addition, the spatiotemporal evolution of the SAA shows a certain correlation with solar activity.This marks the capability of China's autonomous and controllable high-quality satellite data to conduct precise and comprehensive monitoring of the space environment, significantly enhancing the country's space exploration capabilities.

Our solar system is racing through space faster than current models predict – as shown by a new study from Bielefeld University. The surprising findings challenge fundamental assumptions of cosmology.

A collaborative research team from the National Institute for Fusion Science (NIFS), the University of Tokyo, Kyushu University, and Brookhaven National Laboratory has, for the first time, directly and precisely measured changes in the internal electric potential of a fusion plasma under conditions similar to those expected in fusion reactors.

 

This achievement establishes a new method for in situ evaluation of plasma confinement states, providing key insights for the control and performance optimization of next-generation fusion reactors. The internal plasma potential plays a crucial role in determining how effectively energy is confined within the plasma. By combining advanced accelerator technology with non-contact plasma diagnostics, the researchers have opened a new path toward direct understanding of the behavior of fusion-core plasmas.

A new study shows that coal mine waste, often seen as an environmental problem, can actually help create stronger, longer-lasting biochar that locks carbon in soil and supports cleaner environments. The research, published in Carbon Research, reveals that adding low-carbon coal gangue to crop residues during biochar production can significantly increase the carbon stability of the resulting material while reducing the release of dissolved organic matter (DOM), which influences greenhouse gas emissions and pollutant movement in soil.

Researchers in China have developed an advanced biochar-based material that dramatically improves the removal of harmful nitrate nitrogen from agricultural soils and water, offering promising new avenues for sustainable farming and environmental protection. The study, led by Dr. Lan Luo with colleagues from the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, explores how biochar loaded with nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) can mitigate nitrogen leaching, a major contributor to groundwater contamination and soil degradation.

Climate change and the associated rising temperatures are melting more and more frozen ground in the Arctic. This dissolved matter contains large amounts of organic carbon which is flowing into the central Arctic ocean. In a new study, scientists led by Alfred-Wegener-Institute quantified how much terrestrial organic matter accumulates in the central Arctic Ocean. Using chemical fingerprints, they were able to assess how fast it degrades, thus releasing additional CO₂ to the ocean. These findings are an important basis to project how inputs from land affect Arctic marine ecosystems and the ability of the ocean to store CO₂ in a warming climate. The results are published in the journal Nature Geoscience.