Efficient electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia requires not only active catalysts, but also precise control over active hydrogen utilization under industrial operating conditions. By introducing cerium into Cu₂O, we constructed Cu⁰-Cu⁺ and Cu-O-Ce dual active sites, enabling the regulation of hydrogen transfer pathways and suppressing the competing hydrogen evolution reaction to promote the selective nitrate-to-ammonia conversion.

Researchers have released the conceptual design of the Huizhou Hadron Spectrometer (HHaS), a next-generation experiment to be built at the High-Intensity Heavy-Ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) in Huizhou, Guangdong Province, China. HHaS aims for an unprecedented event rate of 1–100 MHz, with ~1% momentum resolution, ~3% electromagnetic energy resolution, and mm-level track pointing precision. With one month of running, HHaS can record an η meson sample three orders of magnitude larger than the world’s total existing data—enabling sensitivity for new physics searches two orders of magnitude beyond current limits.

Imaging planets orbiting nearby stars is a key goal of NASA’s planned Habitable Worlds Observatory. Detecting these faint worlds requires processing techniques that remove the overwhelming glare of their host stars. Now, researchers have investigated how small optical changes in the telescope affect the performance of these methods. Their simulations show even tiny shifts between mirror segments can make planets difficult to detect, providing important guidance for the design of future telescope structures and instruments.