In response to the growing demands of advanced 5G/6G communication technologies, millimeter-wave vortex beams have emerged as a promising solution to increase channel capacities. This paper introduces a novel and efficient method for vortex beam generation by leveraging the intrinsic singularities of dipole scatterers and enhancing their performance through non-local coupling. We demonstrate that the intrinsic singularities—amplitude-zero points in the scattering patterns of electric dipole (ED) and magnetic dipole (MD) resonances -- enable the conversion of spin angular momentum (SAM) into orbital angular momentum (OAM), generating a vortex electric field distribution. By arranging these dipolar units into a periodic array, we establish a dual-resonance non-local metasurface that improves directivity and efficiency via non-local collective interactions and the generalized Kerker effect. This configuration significantly enhances forward scattering, producing highly directional vortex beams. Our experimental results show that the non-local metasurface achieves a vortex conversion efficiency approximately 2.2 times higher than that of a reference structure around 40 GHz. This alignment-free, high-efficiency solution offers great potential for expanding millimeter-wave communication capacity and advancing photonic applications.

Collagen, a prevalent and predominant part of the structure of bodies, still has some mystique surrounding the finer aspects of its existence. Here, researchers look into the mechanism of orientation within collagen to elucidate some of the lesser-known aspects of this protein and how it can be used in future applications.

Deep-blue perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) based on reduced-dimensional perovskites (RDPs) still face a few challenges including severe trap-assisted nonradiative recombination, sluggish exciton transfer, and undesirable bathochromic shift of the electroluminescence spectra. An in situ chlorination (isCl) post-treatment strategy was employed to regulate phase reconstruction and renovate multiple defects of RDPs including halide vacancies and lead-chloride antisite defects. Consequently, deep-blue PeLEDs with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 6.17% at 454 nm were demonstrated.

The development of color routers (CRs) realizes modulation of photon momentum on the frequency and spatial domains. Scientists in China demonstrate an active manipulation of dichromatic photon momentum via electron-induced CRs, where the radiation patterns are manipulated at nanoscale precision within a single nanoantenna unit. Moreover, an encrypted display device based on programmable modulation of the CR array is designed and implemented. This technique will find applications in photonic devices and quantum information technologies.

A research team from the National Institute for Environmental Studies (Japan), Zurich University of Applied Sciences (Switzerland), Tokyo Metropolitan University (Japan), and other institutions (hereinafter referred to as “our research team”) conducted emission tests on aircraft engines and examined the shapes and internal structures of the exhaust particles with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Our research team identified novel onion-like (multiple concentric spherical crystal layered) particles and amorphous (non-crystalline) particles, in addition to the well-known soot in the aircraft engine exhausts. The exhaust particles were typically very small (approximately 10–20 nm in diameter) and single spherical particles. Although the detailed physicochemical properties of the onion-like particles are currently unknown, their behaviors in the atmosphere and in the body may be different from other particles. Therefore, further research is required to assess their potential impacts on climate and health.