New research from Virginia Tech is poised to upend how scientists think about the structure of these tiny airborne droplets and what that means for predictions around air quality, pollution spread, and climate models.

Do you occasionally hear a low buzzing or humming sound that doesn’t have a clear source? Then you’re among the estimated 2-4 per cent of the world’s population who hear this. Scientists have been trying to figure out for decades where this sound comes from.

Cytochrome P450 enzymes are promising biocatalysts for greener chemical manufacturing, but many remain difficult to study because their activity relies on unidentified partner proteins. Now, researchers from Japan have engineered the P450 enzyme CYP107J1 from Bacillus subtilis into a new hydrogen peroxide-driven form that no longer requires these partners. The modified enzyme exhibited 28-fold higher catalytic activity than its natural counterpart and efficiently produced indigo dye, demonstrating a promising strategy towards sustainable oxidation chemistry.

A pioneering technology capable of converting lignin, one of the world's most abundant organic compounds, into vanillin and biodegradable materials has been unveiled by the University of Alicante (UA), in collaboration with the Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV). The study, published today in the prestigious journal Nature Communications, offers a sustainable method for repurposing plant waste and identifies viable alternatives to the fossil fuels that currently drive the chemical industry. For the first time, scientists have successfully processed this agricultural by-product into biodegradable plasticisers suitable for 3D printing.

New study by the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry shows: The forest chemically adapts to extreme drought – and continues responding long after the stress ends

Researchers led by Professor Maochang Liu at Xi’an Jiaotong University have developed a photocatalytic system that simultaneously produces hydrogen gas and a valuable industrial chemical from ethanol with 100% selectivity. By anchoring Ru single atoms and creating S vacancies on ultrathin porous CdS nanosheets, the team achieved an 81.5-fold enhancement in hydrogen evolution compared to pristine CdS. The work, published in Science Bulletin, provides a new strategy for solar-driven coproduction of clean fuel and high-value chemicals.

Researchers at The University of Osaka used a focused laser beam to make in vitro models of cytoskeletal networks that exhibit dynamic cell-like motions. This technique provides spatiotemporal control of the network structure, unlike conventional methods based on self-organization and photochemical reactions. The models could be used to determine the structure–motion relationship of cytoskeletal networks, which has applications for understanding cell division, migration, and adhesion and the creation of protein-based robots and synthetic cells.