Scientists have reconstructed the complete genome of a real person, with full sets of chromosomes from each parent, a breakthrough expected to advance research, improve the diagnosis of genetic diseases and make personalized genomics routine in medical care.

The work from the Telomere-to-Telomere (T2T) Consortium, led by researchers at Johns Hopkins University, the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), establishes the most complete and highest quality human genome sequence ever constructed, filling critical gaps. The new approach allows any individual’s unique genome to be fully analyzed at much higher accuracy than the current standard, which excludes sequences that are different or missing from the historical reference genome.

In a paradigm shift, a Stanford Medicine-led study reveals a new role for a well-known protein, tau, linked to Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.

About the Study: This JAMA Patient Page describes conditions and uses of cannabis and cannabinoids, cannabis use disorder, risk of harm, and harm reduction strategies. JAMA Network senior editors selected this as a highlight.

About this Study: In this modeling and validation study, mechanism-based mathematical biomarkers derived from the initial-cycle PSA dynamics accurately predicted patient-specific outcomes and survival, outperforming traditional phenomenological PSA monitoring. These accessible metrics could act as a mathematically informed decision support framework to stratify patients into personalized treatment protocols.

About the Study: In this cross-sectional study of 684 propensity score–matched children, outpatient melatonin use was associated with a small reduction in REM sleep percentage and was not associated with differences in total sleep time, non-REM sleep stages, respiratory parameters, arousal architecture, or periodic limb movements. The REM association was attenuated when psychiatric diagnoses were added to the propensity model. Residual confounding cannot be excluded, and prospective studies with documented dose, timing, and adherence are needed to clarify the directionality of this association.

About this Study: This systematic review and meta-analysis assesses changes in mental health symptoms from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic by sex and gender.

About the Study: This randomized clinical trial found that digital PRO monitoring was associated with clinically meaningful reductions in fatigue and improved physical functioning. These findings support further evaluation of alert-based PRO monitoring in routine oncology care.