Many young adults may be entering adulthood without the practical skills needed to manage their own healthcare, suggests a new national poll.

Scientists studying saber-toothed cats which became trapped and died in the La Brea Tar Pits have found that these animals had a high range of spinal deformities, including serious developmental abnormalities and widened holes in their vertebrae which indicate the presence of spinal nerve tumors. These tumors are extremely rare in humans and modern animals; in humans they’re caused by a particular genetic mutation. Scientists think that as the saber-toothed cat population shrank, fewer potential mates were available and pathogenic genes became more common. The painful, disabling tumors would have made it hard to hunt, which could explain why the saber-toothed cats were scavenging for easy prey in the tar pits. 

Chronic gum disease (periodontitis) may worsen bone deterioration in people with osteoporosis by disrupting the microorganisms that support gut health, according to collaborative research between Griffith University and Nanjing University in China. 

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) develops through the long-term interplay of genetic predisposition, lifestyle, and environmental exposures. Residential greenness is increasingly studied as a measurable environmental exposure that may be related to diabetes risk. However, prospective evidence from Chinese populations remains limited, and whether genetic susceptibility modifies the greenness–T2D association, particularly in terms of absolute risk reduction, has remained unclear.

Kyoto, Japan -- As close relatives of humans, chimpanzees had sometimes been used in biomedical experiments. They were instrumental in the identification of the hepatitis C virus: the then mysterious pathogen was artificially injected into chimpanzees for study, leading to its eventual identification in 1989. Since then, treatments for humans have advanced and hepatitis C can now be nearly cured with medication. However, the same treatment has not been extended to the chimpanzees.

In 2022, a team of researchers from Kyoto University found that chimpanzees infected with hepatitis C had experienced negative health effects and shorter lifespans. This time, in a collaboration with Kumamoto University, the team was determined to eliminate this virus in chimpanzees residing at Kumamoto Sanctuary, a research facility of Kyoto University’s Wildlife Research Center. The sanctuary is home to several chimpanzees who were once used in medical experiments by multiple organizations in Japan, and is a place where they can spend the rest of their lives being cared for.

"Prioritizing chimpanzee health and welfare is the number one reason for conducting this study," says first author Satoshi Hirata. "We felt that it is our responsibility to do whatever we can to improve their condition."

Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) disproportionately affects the elderly and is expected to be the most frequent cranial surgical indication by 2030. Yet, no globally accepted evidence-based practice guidelines currently exist, and significant controversy continues over key treatment approaches, including middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE), perioperative supportive pharmacotherapy, and the handling of anticoagulant therapy.