Big Earth Data Journal is calling for papers for a Special Issue on 10th Anniversary Special Issue of Big Earth Data. The journal has published pioneering research that leverages Earth observations, big data analytics, and interdisciplinary collaboration to address global challenges, including climate change, biodiversity loss, sustainable urbanization, disaster monitoring, etc. To celebrate the journal’s 10th anniversary, we invite submissions to a special issue that reflects on the journal’s decade-long impact, showcases cutting-edge advancements in Big Earth Data research, and defines future directions for the field. This special issue will not only honor the progress made but also encourage the community to tackle emerging challenges and seize opportunities in the next era of data-driven Earth science. Welcome to submit!

An international research team led by scientists from the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology has achieved the first direct measurement of cosmic rays deep inside a star-forming nebula. Using observations from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), the researchers detected the unique infrared signature produced when cosmic rays interact with molecular hydrogen at the core of Barnard 68, a cold, dense nebula located about 400 light-years from Earth. The study provides unprecedented insight into the behavior of cosmic rays far from the Solar System and their role in the earliest stages of star formation.

Cosmic rays—high-energy particles such as protons and atomic nuclei—play a critical role in regulating star birth by heating interstellar gas and driving chemical reactions that form key molecules, including water and ammonia. Until now, their properties inside star-forming clouds remained largely unknown. The new measurements confirm long-standing theoretical predictions and demonstrate that JWST can detect extremely faint infrared emissions generated by cosmic-ray–excited hydrogen, opening a new observational window on cosmic-ray astrophysics.

The findings, published in Nature Astronomy with complementary analysis in The Astrophysical Journal, pave the way for systematic mapping of cosmic rays across different galactic environments. With additional JWST observing time already approved, researchers aim to use nebulae as vast natural particle detectors to better understand how cosmic rays propagate through galaxies and influence the formation of stars like our Sun.

As commercial spaceflight draws ever closer and time spent in space continues to extend, the question of reproductive health beyond the bounds of planet Earth is no longer theoretical but now ‘urgently practical,’ according to a new peer-reviewed study by an international multidisciplinary team of human reproduction, bioethics, and aerospace researchers.