Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being explored as a tool to support clinical decision-making, yet its real-world performance in pediatric diagnosis remains unclear. Now, a Pediatric Investigation study using authentic clinical cases reports that advanced AI models outperform clinicians in diagnostic accuracy, particularly for rare diseases, while a combined human-AI approach achieves the highest overall success. The findings highlight the potential of AI as a complementary tool to improve diagnostic precision and patient outcomes.

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is an indispensable component of terrestrial ecosystems, integral to global carbon cycling and soil health. Despite its recognized importance, the differential responses of various SOC pools to long-term agricultural amendments across diverse climate-soil gradients have remained largely uncharacterized. A recent comprehensive study, published in Carbon Research, addresses this knowledge gap by examining the efficacy of long-term mineral and organic amendments on six distinct SOC sub-pools across three contrasting zonal soils in China, offering crucial insights for sustainable land management.

A team of researchers from the Guangdong University of Technology and King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) has published a comprehensive perspective on creating next-generation battery components from an abundant and sustainable resource: lignocellulose. This work addresses a critical need for cost-effective energy storage by focusing on sodium-ion batteries, a promising alternative to lithium-ion technology. The authors, including Wenli Zhang, Zongyi Huang, Husam N. Alshareef, and Xueqing Qiu, detail how to transform plant-based biomass into high-performance hard carbon anodes, a key component for the commercial viability of these batteries.

A new study shows that systems designed to capture methane from cow manure, called dairy digesters, are highly effective. But on the rare occasions they fail, the leaks are large enough to offset their climate benefits.

A comprehensive review published in Carbon Research provides a critical analysis of the global steel industry's role in greenhouse gas emissions and charts a strategic course toward sustainable production. The work, authored by a team including Yibo Qian of the University of Auckland and Yuanzhe Li from the National University of Singapore, examines the essential steps for accurate emissions accounting, the transition to green steel technologies, and the importance of credible verification to ensure environmental integrity.

Biochar, a carbon-rich material from biomass pyrolysis, and humic substances, omnipresent organic matter, are both recognized for their crucial roles as redox pools in diverse environmental settings. These substances mediate electron transfer, influencing geochemical cycles and processes such as pollution remediation and waste valorization. However, investigations often isolated the sorption or dissolution behaviors, overlooking the intertwined molecular exchanges and their profound impact on redox properties. A recent study, published in Carbon Research, meticulously probes these bidirectional interactions between biochar and humic acid (HA), revealing significant alterations in their electron exchange capacities and offering fresh perspectives for environmental applications.