Kyoto, Japan -- Quantum materials and superconductors are difficult enough to understand on their own. Unconventional superconductors, which cannot be explained within the framework of standard theory, take the enigma to an entirely new level.

A typical example of unconventional superconductivity is strontium ruthenate, SRO214, the superconductive properties of which were discovered by a research team that included Yoshiteru Maeno, who is currently at the Toyota Riken - Kyoto University Research Center.

It has long been believed that this material exhibits spin-triplet superconductivity, in which electron pairs retain magnet-like properties and can transport quantum information without electrical resistance. However, results from recent nuclear magnetic resonance -- NMR -- experiments have overturned previous conclusions, prompting the need for independent verification using other techniques.

Guidance based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) may be uniquely placed to foster biases in humans, leading to less effective decision making say researchers, who found that people with a positive view of AI may be at higher risk of being misled by AI tools.

The study entitled “Examining Human Reliance on Artificial Intelligence in Decision Making” is published in Scientific Reports.  

Lead author Dr Sophie Nightingale of Lancaster University said: “Understanding human reliance on AI is critical given controversial reports of AI inaccuracy and bias. Furthermore, the erroneous belief that using technology removes biases may lead to overreliance on AI.”

Turbulence can be found everywhere, from stirring in a teacup to currents in the planetary atmosphere. Predicting such flows is difficult, especially when only incomplete information is available. Now, researchers from Japan and the UK have shown that, in two-dimensional turbulent flows, observing only large-scale motion is sufficient to reconstruct the full flow. Their findings contribute to a deeper understanding of fluid dynamics, with implications for data-driven weather forecasting.

Supercomputer-based simulations reveal the intricacies of sodium-ion clustering and transport in hard carbon nano-pores, report researchers from Science Tokyo. Their results show that a bottleneck effect can lead to the sluggish diffusion of ions in sodium-ion batteries, while also providing useful nanostructural design guidelines to increase the energy density of hard carbon anode. By implementing these insights, the realization of carbon-neutral society can be accelerated.

The University of Trento has demonstrated the existence of an empty lava tube even in the depths of Venus, a planet whose surface and geology have been largely shaped by volcanic processes. The cave was identified through radar data analysis as part of a project funded by the Italian Space Agency. "Our knowledge of Venus is still limited, and until now we have never had the opportunity to directly observe processes occurring beneath the surface of Earth’s twin planet. The identification of a volcanic cavity is therefore of particular importance, as it allows us to validate theories that for many years have only hypothesized their existence," explains Lorenzo Bruzzone, the coordinator of the research, full professor of the University of Trento. "This discovery contributes to a deeper understanding of the processes that have shaped Venus’s evolution and opens new perspectives for the study of the planet," he adds.

Scientists are recruiting adults from across the UK to take part in a groundbreaking trial to accurately track what they eat and drink in their daily lives.