Plastics shed thousands of chemicals into the sea, including oleamide – an industrial lubricant that also occurs naturally. In lab aquariums, researchers tracked 31,500 hunting interactions between the common octopus (Octopus vulgaris) and crabs, snails, and clams. Oleamide shifted octopus prey preference, dulled crustaceans’ predator avoidance, and increased encounters – without boosting successful kills. The subtle disruption lasted days, hinting that plastic chemicals could reshape coastal food webs by altering how species sense, feed, and interact. By mimicking biological signals, plastic-derived oleamide may quietly rewire marine behavior.

Artificial light at night (ALAN) can significantly affect animals by changing their physiology, behavior, and geographic distribution. However, how ALAN influences ecological and genetic patterns in closely related species remains unexplored. A new study investigated how ALAN shapes differences between two isopod species in Tokyo Bay, revealing clear ecological separation between the species based on patterns of nighttime urban lighting. The findings highlight how urban factors can be adjusted to support biodiversity.