For decades, scientists have been counting annual growth rings—similar to tree rings—inside fossilized leg bones of Tyrannosaurus rex to estimate how old the giant carnivores were when they died and how quickly they grew to adulthood. The best estimates from previous studies were that T. rex typically stopped growing at around age 25.

Using a mouse model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, researchers found that early, chronic cannabidiol treatment normalized emotional behavior, reduced alcohol motivation, and modulated key brain biomarkers linked to addiction.

Published in Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, this study addresses the most common preventable cause of neurodevelopmental disability, for which no approved treatment currently exists. It shows that CBD reverses gut microbiota dysbiosis and restores gut–brain communication.