With the continuous advancement of deep-space exploration missions, the potential threat of microorganisms in the closed environment of space stations to astronauts' health has attracted increasing attention. Fusobacterium nucleatum, as an opportunistic pathogen colonizing the oral cavity and mucosal sites, is closely associated with various diseases including periodontal disease and colorectal cancer. Under extreme space conditions such as microgravity and radiation, the growth, virulence, drug resistance, and metabolic characteristics of microorganisms may undergo significant alterations, thereby increasing the risk of infection for astronauts. However, current research on the effects of microgravity on anaerobic bacteria remains extremely limited, and the phenotypic changes and molecular regulatory mechanisms of F. nucleatum under simulated microgravity conditions have not yet been elucidated, making it difficult to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of anaerobic bacterial contamination and infection risk assessment in space stations.

Despite the surging global prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and related liver fibrosis, effective treatments remain limited. While the traditional Chinese medicine Juanyu-Xiaozhi Formula (JYXZF) is used against MASLD, its bioactive components and mechanisms are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of JYXZF and elucidate its underlying mechanisms of action.

Emerging Contaminants is a leading platform for research addressing the potential ecological and human health risks associated with environmental contamination from emerging contaminants.

The largest nationwide Polish study on migraine and sleep, involving 5,311 adults, found a strong association between migraine and poorer sleep quality. Nearly two-thirds (64.1%) of people with migraine reported poor sleep, compared with 38.7% of participants without headaches. People with migraine experienced problems across all assessed aspects of sleep, including falling asleep, sleep duration and efficiency, nighttime awakenings, and daytime functioning.

Poorer sleep was also associated with a greater migraine burden, including more frequent attacks, greater disability, higher stress and anxiety, and lower quality of life. The study additionally found that people with migraine were more likely to have a later chronotype, although the relationship between chronotype and migraine severity was weak.

The findings support a bidirectional relationship between migraine and sleep disturbances and suggest that sleep assessment should be routinely included in migraine care. However, because the study was cross-sectional and relied on self-reported data, it cannot establish causality. Further longitudinal studies using objective sleep measurements are needed.