Hair graying and melanoma—a form of skin cancer—may seem like unrelated phenomena. But according to a new study from The University of Tokyo, both outcomes may arise from how pigment-producing stem cells respond to DNA damage. These cells, located in hair follicles, face a critical decision under genotoxic stress: either to differentiate and exit the system—leading to graying—or to continue dividing, which may eventually lead to tumor formation.

At the 2025 IAEA Fusion Energy Conference (FEC), the members of the EUROfusion Consortium and the ITER International Fusion Energy Organization have signed a high-level cooperation agreement to strengthen academic, scientific and technical collaboration in support of ITER’s mission.

The EUROfusion programme has long been focused on addressing the fundamental physics and technological gaps identified by ITER. This new cooperation agreement builds on that foundation to provide a complementary, fast-track framework to deliver agile, targeted solutions to some of ITER’s more immediate design and engineering challenges, particularly those arising from recent changes to its baseline.