As the number of wireless applications and devices grows, higher standards for the quality of service and navigation performance of mobile networks are required. Numerous critical applications, including unmanned aerial vehicles, internet of things, digital twin, and military systems, require reliable communication and accurate navigation services. To meet these requirements, the development of the sixth generation (6G) network is necessary. 6G networks provide seamless 3-dimensional coverage in space–air–ground–sea area, as well as deep coupling of communication, sensing, and computation. 6G networks will be combined with low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites to construct a universal and intelligent integrated system of communication, sensing, and computing by utilizing the benefits of LEO satellites, such as miniaturization, modularity, large bandwidth, low latency, and wide area coverage. One of the critical construction tasks in this system is the integration of communication and navigation (ICAN), which can break the limitations of the global navigation satellite system, provide high-precision, robust navigation capability, and enable high- quality communication services.

Space manipulators play an important role in the on-orbit services and planetary surface operation whose reliability is a key issue. In the extreme environment of space, space manipulators are susceptible to a variety of unknown disturbances. Since it is difficult for the manipulator to be repaired immediately, once it fails, it will mean that it cannot complete the mission as expected, which may cause serious losses and dangers. How to have a resilient guarantee, i.e., the manipulator’s ability to resiliently recover and continue to complete tasks, in failure or disturbance is the core capability of its future development. The motion planning unit is used as the computing terminal of the manipulator’s joint motion trajectory. Compared with traditional motion planning, learning-based motion planning has gradually become a hot spot in current research. However, no matter what kind of research ideas, the single robotic manipulator is studied as an independent agent, making it unable to provide sufficient flexibility under conditions such as external force disturbance, observation noise, and mechanical failure.

The gravitational wave is a prediction of the general theory of relativity that can be detected by measuring the relative distance between two test masses (TM) along the geodesics. The TM is fixed by the cage and vent mechanism to avoid collision with the spacecraft cavity during launch. Once the drag-free spacecraft reaches its target orbit, the TM must be released by the grabbing positioning and release mechanism (GPRM) to the cage center of the inertial sensor in a limited amount of time. The capture of the TM by means of the electrostatic suspensions is crucial for the mission. However, the GPRM inevitably generates large release errors and the low electrostatic force makes the TM capture control a difficult task. Moreover, the experimental results of the LISA Pathfinder mission have shown that the TM release velocities were well higher than the ones expected. The previous robust sliding mode controller needs to be optimized.

With the advancement of Internet applications, the global demand for broadband satellite communication services is incessantly escalating. Furthermore, there exists an exponential surge in the requisition for the capacity of satellite communication systems. In response to this evolving demand, the domain of satellite communication technology is progressively evolving toward the realm of high-throughput satellite (HTS) communication systems. The typical technical characteristics of HTS are: (a) the satellite adopts multibeam technology for beam overlapping coverage of the service area, which improves the quality of the wireless link while realizing the spatial dimension segmentation; (b) based on this, the system adopts multiple frequency multiplexing to improve the communication capacity of a single satellite; (c) gateway stations are tightly coupled with user beam clusters to complete two-hop communication, which makes multiple gateway stations share the communication resources of the same satellite, forming a spatial isolation of the gateway stations, and once again realizing the frequency multiplexing of the gateway station links. A key requirement for future multibeam broadband satellite communication systems is the ability to flexibly adjust beam capacity according to changes in business distribution, in order to meet time-varying business requirements. Beam hopping technology provides an efficient solution to achieve the efficient use of frequency resources and power resources. At the same time, the use of beam hopping makes the beam hopping of satellite payload need to match the business signals of ground signal stations, bringing about the need for synchronization of beam hopping between satellite and ground.

The advent of the fifth-generation (5G) technology has revolutionized the way we think about communication networks, enabling a plethora of new use cases and scenarios that were not possible with previous generations of wireless technology. The existing 5G communication networks predominantly rely on terrestrial communication infrastructure, which, however, exhibits several notable limitations such as capacity constraints, latency issues, and energy inefficiencies, necessitating this next-generation leap. The 6G aims to provide a comprehensive solution for a hyperconnected, intelligent, and immersive digital ecosystem, seamlessly integrating terrestrial, airborne, and spaceborne networks which is referred to as the space-air-ground-sea integrated network (SAGSIN). A traditional SAGSIN scenario mainly includes 3 segments: spaceborne network, airborne network, and terrestrial network. The classical SAGSIN architecture has shown remarkable capabilities in providing massive connectivity by integrating spaceborne, airborne, and terrestrial cellular networks, which, however, encounters inherent technical challenges against their respective practical implementation. On the other hand, the philosophy of near-space communications (NS-COM) is gradually emerging. The distinctive location of near space which is 20 ~ 100 km above Earth’s surface positiones at the core of the SAGSIN, thus allowing the NS-COM network to address the shortcomings of traditional spaceborne, terrestrial, and airborne networks. NS-COM present a promising addition to SAGSIN, making them the final piece of the SAGSIN puzzle.

This study presents a comprehensive exploration of fermented oats (FO) as a next-generation skincare ingredient with dual anti-inflammatory and skin barrier-restoring functions. By utilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation, the authors successfully enhanced the bioactive composition of oats, significantly increasing β-glucan, proteins, flavonoids, amino acids, and their derivatives. These biochemical improvements translate into potent biological activity, positioning FO as a multifunctional soothing and repairing ingredient for sensitive and photodamaged skin. A major highlight of this research is its multi-model validation across cellular assays, zebrafish embryos, and 3D reconstructed skin. FO demonstrated a marked ability to modulate inflammatory pathways, including a 79.87% inhibition of TNF-α/TNFR1 binding, suppression of LPS-induced nitric oxide release, and reduction of neutrophil recruitment. These results collectively establish FO as a robust anti-inflammatory agent capable of suppressing both cytokine- and TRPV1-mediated inflammatory responses. Equally noteworthy is FO’s impact on skin barrier repair. In UVB-irradiated 3D skin models, FO significantly upregulated key structural proteins—including loricrin, filaggrin, transglutaminase 1, and caspase-14—which are essential for epidermal reinforcement, differentiation, and natural moisturizing factor formation. The ingredient also enhanced hydration by increasing both skin moisture content and AQP3 expression.

Overall, this study highlights fermented oats as an innovative, solvent-free, bioactivated skincare ingredient that simultaneously alleviates inflammation, repairs barrier damage, and improves hydration. Its strong mechanistic support and multi-level experimental confirmation underscore its potential as an effective soothing and repairing ingredient for sensitive skin formulations.