Lodging, the bending and breaking of plant stems, is a primary threat to global rapeseed production, causing significant yield losses and complicating mechanical harvesting. 

Glomerella leaf spot (GLS), caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, is a major threat to apple production worldwide, causing severe defoliation and fruit necrosis.

The Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT, President Park, Sun-Kyu) announced that it will apply its early detection technology for quasi-stationary linear rainband and sudden localized torrential rainfallto the Urban Flood Forecasting Platform operated by the Han River Flood Control Office in Korea for urban flood forecasting.

Mars once had abundant liquid water, yet orbiters and rovers have found far less carbonate rock than expected for a planet that may have had a thick, carbon dioxide-rich atmosphere. A new geochemical modelling study led by Chang-Chin Wang, with Professor Tomohiro Usui at JAXA and the University of Tokyo, and Associate Professor Mohit Melwani Daswani at ELSI, shows that the type of rock water reacts with, not just water itself, controls whether calcium/iron-rich or magnesium-rich carbonates form. Feldspar-rich rocks, increasingly detected on the Martian surface, readily produce the calcium/iron-rich carbonates seen in many locations. The simulations also show how percolating groundwater could be quietly burying carbonates underground, helping explain their apparent scarcity on the surface.