Rapid development of artificial intelligence requires the implementation of hardware systems with bioinspired parallel information processing and presentation and energy efficiency. Electrolyte-gated organic transistors (EGOTs) offer significant advantages as neuromorphic devices due to their ultra-low operation voltages, minimal hardwired connectivity, and similar operation environment as electrophysiology. Meanwhile, ionic–electronic coupling and the relatively low elastic moduli of organic channel materials make EGOTs suitable for interfacing with biology. This review presents an overview of the device architectures based on organic electrochemical transistors and organic field-effect transistors. Furthermore, we review the requirements of low energy consumption and tunable synaptic plasticity of EGOTs in emulating biological synapses and how they are affected by the organic materials, electrolyte, architecture, and operation mechanism. In addition, we summarize the basic operation principle of biological sensory systems and the recent progress of EGOTs as a building block in artificial systems. Finally, the current challenges and future development of the organic neuromorphic devices are discussed.

Objective: Transcription factor E2F7 exerts suppressive transcription effects and was validated as highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in our previous study. Based on the correlation between E2F7 and the dismal clinicopathological features in patients, we investigated the downstream regulators controlled by E2F7 in HCC progression and identified a potential E2F7/miR-218-5p axis facilitating HCC cell growth by stabilizing USP32, one of the important ubiquitin-specific peptidases.

Methods: The expression profiles of miR-218-5p and USP32 were detected in HCC cell lines and patients’ specimens, combined with the analysis of the public databases. The clinicopathological features of 95 HCC patients were analyzed. Cellular functional experiments through the expression regulation of these genes were conducted in vitro. The chromatin immunoprecipitation and the Dual-luciferase reporter assays were carried out to demonstrate the interaction between the candidate genes.

Results: USP32 was aberrantly overexpressed in HCC, and its high expression was positively associated with poor clinical outcomes and served as an independent risk factor. USP32 depletion impaired HCC cell growth and miR-218-5p targeted USP32 mRNA, thereby acting as a suppressive upstream regulator in HCC. E2F7 directly binds to the promoter region of miR-218-5p and suppressively modulates the transcription activity. Modulation of the E2F7/miR-218-5p axis significantly impacts USP32 transcription and HCC cell growth.

Conclusions:USP32 is a pivotal ubiquitin peptidase highly expressed in HCC and facilitates tumor development. The E2F7/miR-218-5p axis functions as an upstream regulatory mechanism that modulates USP32 expression through transcriptional suppression. These genes provide the possibility for innovative targets against HCC.

Plant polyphenol pterostilbene packed in pH-sensitive microbeads reaches the inflamed colon, calms immune attack, heals leaky lining and rebalances gut bugs—offering a promising, low-cost idea for ulcerative colitis care.

Radionuclide drug conjugates (RDCs) have emerged as transformative agents that integrate diagnosis and therapy into a single clinical workflow. 

Utilizing waste cotton fabric as a dual-functional flexible substrate and carbon source, this work enabled vapor-liquid-solid growth of high-entropy carbide nanowires. The resulting material achieved exceptional EMI shielding through synergistic electrical conduction loss, dipolar polarization loss, and interfacial polarization loss.

There are over 36,500 pieces of space debris of larger than 10 cm in orbit according to statistical model orbit provided by European Space Agency’s Space Debris Office at European Space Operations Centre in Darmstadt, Germany. Any of those debris can pose a threat to operational satellites. Active debris removal (ADR) is conducted to solve the above problems for stabilizing the space debris environment. Unfortunately, the angular velocity of space debris exceeds the maximum angular velocity of 4 to 5 deg/s that can be directly captured by a robotic arm. Therefore, to stabilize the debris environment, the first task, i.e., de-tumbling tasks, is to reduce the initial angular velocity of the debris by applying an external torque. To ensure the safety of the de-tumbling tasks avoiding collision between the de-tumbling device and the uncooperative space target, many contactless methods have been studied. Among them, the contactless method based on electromagnetic eddy current method has received increasing attention due to the advantages of pollution-free and high safety performance.

UC Riverside scientists have created a small-scale system that transforms food waste into high-protein animal feed and fertilizer using black soldier flies, offering a sustainable solution to a major environmental problem.

Scientists present a new approach that could empower the immune system to combat cancer cells and pave the way for new treatments for this deadly disease. The new insight stems from an extensive review of research on TIGIT, a protein known to inhibit the immune system’s ability to effectively attack cancer cells. Currently, a single drug can successfully neutralize TIGIT and enable immune cells to combat cancer in laboratory settings; however, clinical trials have been less successful.

As climate change threatens global agricultural systems, understanding the adaptability of wild plant relatives is crucial.