A comprehensive perspective article, authored by over 40 experts across China, delineates this trajectory, presenting an integrated roadmap that intertwines standardization, pioneering research, personalized health management, and industrial innovation.

Bats are critical viral reservoirs that harbor viromes with a high risk of cross-species transmission. However, the diversity of their viromes in the Indochina Peninsula remains underexplored. A study on bat viromes across China’s Yunnan, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and Cambodia identified 137 viral strains, including 40 new species. Viral richness was highest in Rhinolophidae bats along China’s southwestern border, and Cambodian bat viruses were more evolutionarily distant from known viruses. A porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV)-related virus was discovered in Cambodia, showing 90.36% genome homology with PEDV CV777, and exhibiting recombinant features between Suidae-adapted ORF1ab and Chiroptera-adapted Spike genes, suggesting that bat coronaviruses could be the evolutionary source of PEDV. Bat virome and deep learning models predict cross-species transmission risks, highlighting the need for enhanced One Health surveillance targeting viral recombination hotspots and human-bat interfaces in this ecologically critical region.

Humanized mouse models are vital for studying human gene function, but fully replacing mouse genes with complete human sequences has been technically challenging. Researchers developed a streamlined two-step CRISPR method that inserts very large human genomic regions into mouse embryonic stem cells. The resulting mice showed human-like splicing, tissue-specific expression, and normal biological functions. The approach also supports adding disease-related mutations, offering a versatile platform for creating accurate, physiologically relevant humanized models.

Epidemiological studies are essential in understanding the causes, risk factors of diseases, and disease patterns for developing and evaluating public health interventions. In China, the prevalence of neurological disorders is increasing with the rise of ageing population, creating a significant socioeconomic burden. In a recent study, researchers from China analyzed the key finding of the China Neurological Disorders Report 2024, published by the National Center for Neurological Disorders.

In a Phase 1 clinical study, researchers led by EPFL and their partners report that a new liver- and gut-targeted oral drug can safely lower triglycerides and other blood lipids.

Evidence from a new large UK multicentre trial is challenging the results from a previous smaller US trial that led to the FDA clearing trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS) for ADHD in children and young people in 2019. This new trial is larger and uses a more robust control or sham condition, reducing placebo effects which tend to be large in studies of brain therapies.