Among 241,576 UK Biobank participants, residential greenspace was associated differently with incident ocular and adnexal disease subtypes. Higher exposure was associated with lower incidence of lens and, borderline, choroid and retina disorders, but associations differed for eyelid, lacrimal system, orbit, and conjunctiva disorders.

The study highlights the importance of outcome-specific environmental-health assessment. It cannot establish that greenspace causes or prevents disease, and mechanisms and generalizability remain to be tested.

A new review in ENGINEERING Management shows how the inverse Gaussian process has developed into an important probabilistic tool for degradation modeling, remaining useful life prediction, and maintenance decision-making in prognostics and health management. It also explores how artificial intelligence can be combined with interpretable statistical models to support more reliable and scalable intelligent maintenance.

A review of genetic evidence from China is challenging assumptions about whether animals serve as reservoirs for the human diarrheal parasite Cyclospora cayetanensis. 

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) represents a major global health concern and encompasses a spectrum ranging from hepatic steatosis and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and ultimately hepatocellular carcinoma. Insulin resistance, the pathogenic cornerstone of MASLD, drives enhanced peripheral lipolysis and increased hepatic de novo lipogenesis, thereby overloading the liver with lipids and inducing steatosis. Subsequent lipotoxicity, inflammation, and gut microbiota dysbiosis further exacerbate disease progression. The gut microbiota and their metabolites communicate with the liver via the gut-liver axis, forming a complex signaling network that directly or indirectly modulates hepatic metabolism, systemic immune responses, oxidative stress, and intestinal barrier integrity. In this review, we synthesize evidence for the beneficial and detrimental effects of the major human gut microbial communities and their metabolites during the course of MASLD. We delineate how these gut-derived factors regulate hepatic function through an integrated tripartite “gut-liver axis–oxidative stress–metabolic reprogramming” mechanism. These insights may inform microbiome-based precision interventions and accelerate the development of therapeutic strategies targeting MASLD.

A study led by Dr. Zeynep Seda Albayrak from Koç University identified three distinct psychosocial profiles among 158 adolescents receiving psychiatric outpatient care, each associated with different patterns of digital technology use. The findings suggest that problematic social media, smartphone, internet and gaming behaviors should be evaluated in relation to adolescents’ emotional, psychiatric and demographic characteristics rather than screen time alone.

Researchers assessed age-related changes in trunk stability, whole-body dynamic balance, hip strength, and functional mobility in 127 physically active adults aged 30 to 80 years. Trunk stability showed the most pronounced age-related decline, particularly in men, and was the variable most closely associated with whole-body dynamic balance among older adults.